/***************************************************************************
* services.cc -- Various functions relating to reading the nmap-services *
* file and port <-> service mapping *
* *
***********************IMPORTANT NMAP LICENSE TERMS************************
* *
* The Nmap Security Scanner is (C) 1996-2012 Insecure.Com LLC. Nmap is *
* also a registered trademark of Insecure.Com LLC. This program is free *
* software; you may redistribute and/or modify it under the terms of the *
* GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software *
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***************************************************************************/
/* $Id$ */
#include "nmap.h"
#include "services.h"
#include "NmapOps.h"
#include "charpool.h"
#include "nmap_error.h"
#include "utils.h"
#include <list>
#include <map>
/* This structure is the key for looking up services in the
port/proto -> service map. */
struct port_spec {
int portno; /* Network byte order */
std::string proto;
/* Sort in the usual nmap-services order. */
bool operator<(const port_spec& other) const {
if (this->portno < other.portno)
return true;
else if (this->portno > other.portno)
return false;
else
return this->proto < other.proto;
}
};
/* This is a servent augmented by a frequency ratio. */
struct service_node : public servent {
public:
double ratio;
};
/* Compare the ratios of two service nodes for top-ports purposes. Larger ratios
come before smaller. */
bool service_node_ratio_compare(const service_node& a, const service_node& b) {
return a.ratio > b.ratio;
}
extern NmapOps o;
static int numtcpports;
static int numudpports;
static int numsctpports;
static std::map<port_spec, service_node> service_table;
static std::list<service_node> services_by_ratio;
static int services_initialized;
static int ratio_format; // 0 = /etc/services no-ratio format. 1 = new nmap format
static int nmap_services_init() {
if (services_initialized) return 0;
char filename[512];
FILE *fp;
char servicename[128], proto[16];
u16 portno;
char *p;
char line[1024];
int lineno = 0;
int res;
double ratio;
int ratio_n, ratio_d;
char ratio_str[32];
numtcpports = 0;
numudpports = 0;
numsctpports = 0;
service_table.clear();
services_by_ratio.clear();
ratio_format = 0;
if (nmap_fetchfile(filename, sizeof(filename), "nmap-services") != 1) {
#ifndef WIN32
error("Unable to find nmap-services! Resorting to /etc/services");
strcpy(filename, "/etc/services");
#else
int len, wnt = GetVersion() < 0x80000000;
error("Unable to find nmap-services! Resorting to /etc/services");
if(wnt)
len = GetSystemDirectory(filename, 480); // be safe
else
len = GetWindowsDirectory(filename, 480); // be safe
if(!len)
error("Get%sDirectory failed (%d) @#!#@",
wnt ? "System" : "Windows", GetLastError());
else
{
if(wnt)
strcpy(filename + len, "\\drivers\\etc\\services");
else
strcpy(filename + len, "\\services");
}
#endif
}
fp = fopen(filename, "r");
if (!fp) {
fatal("Unable to open %s for reading service information", filename);
}
/* Record where this data file was found. */
o.loaded_data_files["nmap-services"] = filename;
while(fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp)) {
lineno++;
p = line;
while(*p && isspace((int) (unsigned char) *p))
p++;
if (*p == '#')
continue;
res = sscanf(line, "%127s %hu/%15s %31s", servicename, &portno, proto, ratio_str);
if (res == 3) {
ratio = 0;
} else if (res == 4) {
if (strchr(ratio_str, '/')) {
res = sscanf(ratio_str, "%d/%d", &ratio_n, &ratio_d);
if (res != 2)
fatal("%s:%d contains invalid port ratio string: %s", filename, lineno, ratio_str);
if (ratio_n < 0 || ratio_d < 0)
fatal("%s:%d contains an invalid negative value", filename, lineno);
if (ratio_n > ratio_d)
fatal("%s:%d has a ratio %g. All ratios must be < 1", filename, lineno, (double)ratio_n/ratio_d);
if (ratio_d == 0)
fatal("%s:%d has a ratio denominator of 0 causing a division by 0 error", filename, lineno);
ratio = (double)ratio_n / ratio_d;
ratio_format = 1;
} else if (strncmp(ratio_str, "0.", 2) == 0) {
/* We assume the ratio is in floating point notation already */
ratio = strtod(ratio_str, NULL);
ratio_format = 1;
} else {
ratio = 0;
}
} else {
continue;
}
portno = htons(portno);
port_spec ps;
ps.portno = portno;
ps.proto = proto;
/* Now we make sure our service table doesn't have duplicates */
std::map<port_spec, service_node>::iterator i;
i = service_table.find(ps);
if (i != service_table.end()) {
if (o.debugging)
error("Port %d proto %s is duplicated in services file %s", ntohs(portno), proto, filename);
continue;
}
if (strncasecmp(proto, "tcp", 3) == 0) {
numtcpports++;
} else if (strncasecmp(proto, "udp", 3) == 0) {
numudpports++;
} else if (strncasecmp(proto, "sctp", 4) == 0) {
numsctpports++;
} else if (strncasecmp(proto, "ddp", 3) == 0) {
/* ddp is some apple thing...we don't "do" that */
} else if (strncasecmp(proto, "divert", 6) == 0) {
/* divert sockets are for freebsd's natd */
} else if (strncasecmp(proto, "#", 1) == 0) {
/* possibly misplaced comment, but who cares? */
} else {
if (o.debugging)
error("Unknown protocol (%s) on line %d of services file %s.", proto, lineno, filename);
continue;
}
struct service_node sn;
sn.s_name = cp_strdup(servicename);
sn.s_port = portno;
sn.s_proto = cp_strdup(proto);
sn.s_aliases = NULL;
sn.ratio = ratio;
service_table[ps] = sn;
services_by_ratio.push_back(sn);
}
/* Sort the list of ports sorted by frequency for top-ports purposes. */
services_by_ratio.sort(service_node_ratio_compare);
fclose(fp);
services_initialized = 1;
return 0;
}
void free_services() {
/* This doesn't free anything, because the service_table is allocated
statically. It just marks the table as needing to be reinitialized because
other things have been freed, for example the cp_strdup-allocated members
of service_node. */
services_initialized = 0;
}
/* Adds ports whose names match mask and one or more protocols
* specified by range_type to porttbl. Increases the respective
* protocol counts in ports.
* Returns the number of ports added in total.
*/
int addportsfromservmask(char *mask, u8 *porttbl, int range_type) {
std::map<port_spec, service_node>::iterator i;
int t = 0;
if (!services_initialized && nmap_services_init() == -1)
fatal("%s: Couldn't get port numbers", __func__);
for (i = service_table.begin(); i != service_table.end(); i++) {
service_node& current = i->second;
if (wildtest(mask, current.s_name)) {
if ((range_type & SCAN_TCP_PORT) && strcmp(current.s_proto, "tcp") == 0) {
porttbl[ntohs(current.s_port)] |= SCAN_TCP_PORT;
t++;
}
if ((range_type & SCAN_UDP_PORT) && strcmp(current.s_proto, "udp") == 0) {
porttbl[ntohs(current.s_port)] |= SCAN_UDP_PORT;
t++;
}
if ((range_type & SCAN_SCTP_PORT) && strcmp(current.s_proto, "sctp") == 0) {
porttbl[ntohs(current.s_port)] |= SCAN_SCTP_PORT;
t++;
}
}
}
return t;
}
/* Port must be in network byte order. */
struct servent *nmap_getservbyport(int port, const char *proto) {
std::map<port_spec, service_node>::iterator i;
port_spec ps;
if (nmap_services_init() == -1)
return NULL;
ps.portno = port;
ps.proto = proto;
i = service_table.find(ps);
if (i != service_table.end())
return &i->second;
/* Couldn't find it ... oh well. */
return NULL;
}
static int port_compare(const void *a, const void *b) {
unsigned short ua = *((unsigned short *) a), ub = *((unsigned short *) b);
if (ua > ub) return 1;
else return -1;
}
// is_port_member() returns true if serv is an element of ptsdata.
// This could be implemented MUCH more efficiently but it should only be
// called when you use a non-default top-ports or port-ratio value TOGETHER WITH
// a -p portlist.
static bool is_port_member(const struct scan_lists *ptsdata, const struct service_node *serv) {
int i;
if (strcmp(serv->s_proto, "tcp") == 0) {
for (i=0; i<ptsdata->tcp_count; i++)
if (ntohs(serv->s_port) == ptsdata->tcp_ports[i])
return true;
} else if (strcmp(serv->s_proto, "udp") == 0) {
for (i=0; i<ptsdata->udp_count; i++)
if (ntohs(serv->s_port) == ptsdata->udp_ports[i])
return true;
} else if (strcmp(serv->s_proto, "sctp") == 0) {
for (i=0; i<ptsdata->sctp_count; i++)
if (ntohs(serv->s_port) == ptsdata->sctp_ports[i])
return true;
}
return false;
}
// gettoppts() sets its third parameter, a scan_list, with the most
// common ports scanned by Nmap according to the ratios specified in
// the nmap-services file.
//
// If level is below 1.0 then we treat it as a minimum ratio and we
// add all ports with ratios above level.
//
// If level is 1 or above, we treat it as a "top ports" directive
// and return the N highest ratio ports (where N==level).
//
// This function doesn't support IP protocol scan so only call this
// function if o.TCPScan() || o.UDPScan() || o.SCTPScan()
void gettoppts(double level, char *portlist, struct scan_lists * ports) {
int ti=0, ui=0, si=0;
struct scan_lists ptsdata = { 0 };
bool ptsdata_initialized = false;
const struct service_node *current;
std::list<service_node>::iterator i;
if (!services_initialized && nmap_services_init() == -1)
fatal("%s: Couldn't get port numbers", __func__);
if (ratio_format == 0) {
if (level != -1)
fatal("Unable to use --top-ports or --port-ratio with an old style (no-ratio) services file");
if (portlist){
getpts(portlist, ports);
return;
}else if (o.fastscan){
getpts("[-]", ports);
return;
}else{
getpts("1-1024,[1025-]", ports);
return;
}
}
// TOP PORT DEFAULTS
if (level == -1) {
if (portlist){
getpts(portlist, ports);
return;
}
if (o.fastscan) level = 100;
else level = 1000;
}
if (portlist){
getpts(portlist, &ptsdata);
ptsdata_initialized = true;
}
if (level < 1) {
for (i = services_by_ratio.begin(); i != services_by_ratio.end(); i++) {
current = &(*i);
if (ptsdata_initialized && !is_port_member(&ptsdata, current))
continue;
if (current->ratio >= level) {
if (o.TCPScan() && strcmp(current->s_proto, "tcp") == 0)
ports->tcp_count++;
else if (o.UDPScan() && strcmp(current->s_proto, "udp") == 0)
ports->udp_count++;
else if (o.SCTPScan() && strcmp(current->s_proto, "sctp") == 0)
ports->sctp_count++;
} else {
break;
}
}
if (ports->tcp_count)
ports->tcp_ports = (unsigned short *)safe_zalloc(ports->tcp_count * sizeof(unsigned short));
if (ports->udp_count)
ports->udp_ports = (unsigned short *)safe_zalloc(ports->udp_count * sizeof(unsigned short));
if (ports->sctp_count)
ports->sctp_ports = (unsigned short *)safe_zalloc(ports->sctp_count * sizeof(unsigned short));
ports->prots = NULL;
for (i = services_by_ratio.begin(); i != services_by_ratio.end(); i++) {
current = &(*i);
if (ptsdata_initialized && !is_port_member(&ptsdata, current))
continue;
if (current->ratio >= level) {
if (o.TCPScan() && strcmp(current->s_proto, "tcp") == 0)
ports->tcp_ports[ti++] = ntohs(current->s_port);
else if (o.UDPScan() && strcmp(current->s_proto, "udp") == 0)
ports->udp_ports[ui++] = ntohs(current->s_port);
else if (o.SCTPScan() && strcmp(current->s_proto, "sctp") == 0)
ports->sctp_ports[si++] = ntohs(current->s_port);
} else {
break;
}
}
} else if (level >= 1) {
if (level > 65536)
fatal("Level argument to gettoppts (%g) is too large", level);
if (o.TCPScan()) {
ports->tcp_count = MIN((int) level, numtcpports);
ports->tcp_ports = (unsigned short *)safe_zalloc(ports->tcp_count * sizeof(unsigned short));
}
if (o.UDPScan()) {
ports->udp_count = MIN((int) level, numudpports);
ports->udp_ports = (unsigned short *)safe_zalloc(ports->udp_count * sizeof(unsigned short));
}
if (o.SCTPScan()) {
ports->sctp_count = MIN((int) level, numsctpports);
ports->sctp_ports = (unsigned short *)safe_zalloc(ports->sctp_count * sizeof(unsigned short));
}
ports->prots = NULL;
for (i = services_by_ratio.begin(); i != services_by_ratio.end(); i++) {
current = &(*i);
if (ptsdata_initialized && !is_port_member(&ptsdata, current))
continue;
if (o.TCPScan() && strcmp(current->s_proto, "tcp") == 0 && ti < ports->tcp_count)
ports->tcp_ports[ti++] = ntohs(current->s_port);
else if (o.UDPScan() && strcmp(current->s_proto, "udp") == 0 && ui < ports->udp_count)
ports->udp_ports[ui++] = ntohs(current->s_port);
else if (o.SCTPScan() && strcmp(current->s_proto, "sctp") == 0 && si < ports->sctp_count)
ports->sctp_ports[si++] = ntohs(current->s_port);
}
if (ti < ports->tcp_count) ports->tcp_count = ti;
if (ui < ports->udp_count) ports->udp_count = ui;
if (si < ports->sctp_count) ports->sctp_count = si;
} else
fatal("Argument to gettoppts (%g) should be a positive ratio below 1 or an integer of 1 or higher", level);
if (ptsdata_initialized) {
free_scan_lists(&ptsdata);
ptsdata_initialized = false;
}
if (ports->tcp_count > 1)
qsort(ports->tcp_ports, ports->tcp_count, sizeof(unsigned short), &port_compare);
if (ports->udp_count > 1)
qsort(ports->udp_ports, ports->udp_count, sizeof(unsigned short), &port_compare);
if (ports->sctp_count > 1)
qsort(ports->sctp_ports, ports->sctp_count, sizeof(unsigned short), &port_compare);
if (o.debugging && level < 1)
log_write(LOG_STDOUT, "PORTS: Using ports open on %g%% or more average hosts (TCP:%d, UDP:%d, SCTP:%d)\n", level*100, ports->tcp_count, ports->udp_count, ports->sctp_count);
else if (o.debugging && level >= 1)
log_write(LOG_STDOUT, "PORTS: Using top %d ports found open (TCP:%d, UDP:%d, SCTP:%d)\n", (int) level, ports->tcp_count, ports->udp_count, ports->sctp_count);
}